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The only way to get over stage fright is to take every opportunity to speak in front of a crowd, and you'll eventually improve. It will take a long time, but so will a PhD (8-12 years of college). And you'll need a PhD in anthropology to teach at a 4-year college or university. Professors teach classes, prep for classes, grade papers, advise students, work on their own research, publish papers, review papers for journals, apply for funding, and serve on committees at their college. Professors design their own courses and pick their own textbooks. It's very hard to get a job as a professor; we're producing about ten times as many PhDs as there are jobs open. You cannot count on getting a full time job as a professor. You need to have a backup plan.

In order to become a professor, you'll need a PhD in anthropology, which will take several years. You'll earn that by doing original research in a specific area that will ultimately inform what you'll end up teaching your students (at least in more advanced classes), and probably by serving as a teaching assistant, which will give you practice in speaking before a class. So yes, you probably should start talking to your own professors and TAs now about what's involved so you can decide if it's really what you want to do.