Circles A and B have radii 5 and 7, respectively, and the distance between their centers A and B is 6. If the two circles intersect at point M and N, find the length of the common chord MN.
Without loss of generality, place the center of circle A at the origin and the
center of circle B at (6,0). Then the equations of the circles are
x^2 + y^2 = 25 and (x - 6)^2 + y^2 = 49.
Subtract the first of these equations from the second to find that
(x - 6)^2 - x^2 = 24 ----> x^2 - 12x + 36 - x^2 = 24 ---> 12x = 12 ----> x = 1.
At x = 1 we have y^2 = 25 - 1^2 = 24 ----> y = +/- sqrt(24) = +/- 2*sqrt(6).
So the length of the common chord will just be 2*(2*sqrt(6)) = 4*sqrt(6).
Let us construct the smallest circle at origo. x^2+y^2=25.
The bigger circle has centre(6,0), Then (x-6)^2+y^2=49 give this one.
When x^2+y^2=(x-6)^2+y^2. x=3 is the solution. This point give y1=4, y2=-4-
Distance between the "crossing" points for the circles is 2*4=8.
MN has length 8.
triangle ABM and ABN are equal as their sides are 5,6,7
the common chord MN is twice the altitude h wrt the base AB = 6
If S is the area of triangles ABM and ABN, then
h = 2S/AB = 2S/6 = S/3
the area of a triangle whose sides a, b, c are given can be found using Heron's formula
call p = (a + b + c)/2 the half perimeter of the triangle
S = â(p(p - a)(p - b)(p - c))
with our data
p = 9, a = 5, b = 6, c = 7
S = â(9(9 - 5 )(9 - 6)(9 - 7)) = â216 = â6³ = 6â6
h = S/3 = 6â6/3 = 2â6
therefore MN = 2h = 4â6
hope it is useful
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Verified answer
Without loss of generality, place the center of circle A at the origin and the
center of circle B at (6,0). Then the equations of the circles are
x^2 + y^2 = 25 and (x - 6)^2 + y^2 = 49.
Subtract the first of these equations from the second to find that
(x - 6)^2 - x^2 = 24 ----> x^2 - 12x + 36 - x^2 = 24 ---> 12x = 12 ----> x = 1.
At x = 1 we have y^2 = 25 - 1^2 = 24 ----> y = +/- sqrt(24) = +/- 2*sqrt(6).
So the length of the common chord will just be 2*(2*sqrt(6)) = 4*sqrt(6).
Let us construct the smallest circle at origo. x^2+y^2=25.
The bigger circle has centre(6,0), Then (x-6)^2+y^2=49 give this one.
When x^2+y^2=(x-6)^2+y^2. x=3 is the solution. This point give y1=4, y2=-4-
Distance between the "crossing" points for the circles is 2*4=8.
MN has length 8.
triangle ABM and ABN are equal as their sides are 5,6,7
the common chord MN is twice the altitude h wrt the base AB = 6
If S is the area of triangles ABM and ABN, then
h = 2S/AB = 2S/6 = S/3
the area of a triangle whose sides a, b, c are given can be found using Heron's formula
call p = (a + b + c)/2 the half perimeter of the triangle
S = â(p(p - a)(p - b)(p - c))
with our data
p = 9, a = 5, b = 6, c = 7
S = â(9(9 - 5 )(9 - 6)(9 - 7)) = â216 = â6³ = 6â6
h = S/3 = 6â6/3 = 2â6
therefore MN = 2h = 4â6
hope it is useful